Bootstrap 사용하기

Jan 29, 2024

Contents

Bootstrap

웹 개발을 위한 오픈 소스 프론트엔드 프레임워크

HTML, CSS, JavaScript를 사용하여 웹 페이지 및 웹 애플리케이션을

쉽게 디자인하고 개발할 수 있도록 도와주는 도구 모음

즉 다른 사람이 만들어 놓은 css파일을 사용한다는 것

Bootstrap 의 Grid 시스템은 12개의 컬럼(화면)으로 나눠져 있음

Bootstrap

Powerful, extensible, and feature-packed frontend toolkit. Build and customize with Sass, utilize prebuilt grid system and components, and bring projects to life with powerful JavaScript plugins.

https://getbootstrap.com/

W3Schools Online Web Tutorials

W3Schools offers free online tutorials, references and exercises in all the major languages of the web. Covering popular subjects like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Python, SQL, Java, and many, many more.

https://www.w3schools.com/

Bootstrap 5 Tutorial

W3Schools offers free online tutorials, references and exercises in all the major languages of the web. Covering popular subjects like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Python, SQL, Java, and many, many more.

https://www.w3schools.com/bootstrap5/index.php

문서를 보고 전부 실행시켜봐야 함 → 간단한 토이 프로젝트를 만들어보기 → 정리하기

1. Contaioners


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
  
<div class="container"> // comtainer를 지우면 왼쪽으로 치우침
  <h1>My First Bootstrap Page</h1>
  <p>This part is inside a .container class.</p>
  <p>The .container class provides a responsive fixed width container.</p>
  <p>Resize the browser window to see that the container width will change at different breakpoints.</p>
</div>

</body>
</html>

2. Grid Basic은 사용하지 말고 그냥 class를 하나 만들어서 grid 사용하기

flex는 사용하기

3. Color

여기 없는 색깔이 필요할 경우 style css만들어서 사용하기 → color.css만들어서 쓰면 됨

이름 짓는 규칙이 -이기에 충돌날것을 대비해서 -을 사용하지 않음

—이거나 _처럼 다르게 사용해야 충돌나지 않음

색의 공통 이름 primary : 다 파란색

sucess : 다 초록색

danger : 다 빨간색


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>Contextual Colors</h2>
  <p>Use the contextual classes to provide "meaning through colors":</p>
  <p class="text-muted">This text is muted.</p>
  <p class="text-primary">This text is important.</p>
  <p class="text-success">This text indicates success.</p>
  <p class="text-info">This text represents some information.</p>
  <p class="text-warning">This text represents a warning.</p>
  <p class="text-danger">This text represents danger.</p>
  <p class="text-secondary">Secondary text.</p>
  <p class="text-dark">This text is dark grey.</p>
  <p class="text-body">Default body color (often black).</p>
  <p class="text-light">This text is light grey (on white background).</p>
  <p class="text-white">This text is white (on white background).</p>
</div>

</body>
</html>

4. background color


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>Contextual Backgrounds</h2>
  <p>Use the contextual background classes to provide "meaning through colors".</p>
  <div class="bg-primary p-3"></div>
  <div class="bg-success p-3"></div>
  <div class="bg-info p-3"></div>
  <div class="bg-warning p-3"></div>
  <div class="bg-danger p-3"></div>
  <div class="bg-secondary p-3"></div>
  <div class="bg-dark p-3"></div>
  <div class="bg-light p-3"></div>
</div>

</body>
</html>


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
</head>

<body>

    <div class="container bg-primary text-white">
        <h1>My First Bootstrap Page</h1>
        <p>This part is inside a .container class.</p>
        <p>The .container class provides a responsive fixed width container.</p>
        <p>Resize the browser window to see that the container width will change at different breakpoints.</p>
    </div>

</body>

</html>

5. Tables


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>Hover Rows</h2>
  <p>The .table-hover class enables a hover state (grey background on mouse over) on table rows:</p>            
  <table class="table table-hover">
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th>Firstname</th>
        <th>Lastname</th>
        <th>Email</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>John</td>
        <td>Doe</td>
        <td>john@example.com</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>Mary</td>
        <td>Moe</td>
        <td>mary@example.com</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>July</td>
        <td>Dooley</td>
        <td>july@example.com</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>

</body>
</html>

크기 줄이고 싶으면 박스 만들어서 줄이기


<div style="width: 600px">
            <table class="table">
                <thead>
                    <tr>
                        <th>Firstname</th>
                        <th>Lastname</th>
                        <th>Email</th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                    <tr>
                        <td>John</td>
                        <td>Doe</td>
                        <td>john@example.com</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>Mary</td>
                        <td>Moe</td>
                        <td>mary@example.com</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>July</td>
                        <td>Dooley</td>
                        <td>july@example.com</td>
                    </tr>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>

테이블은 색깔줄 때 bg를 주는게 아니라 table을 줌


<thead class="table-danger">
                    <tr>
                        <th>Firstname</th>
                        <th>Lastname</th>
                        <th>Email</th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>

6. Images


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>Rounded Corners</h2>
  <p>The .rounded class adds rounded corners to an image:</p>            
  <img src="cinqueterre.jpg" class="rounded-2" alt="Cinque Terre" width="304" height="236"> 
</div>

</body>
</html>

원하는 정도에 따라 rounded-1, rounded-3, rounded-4 등의 클래스를 사용하여 조절할 수 있음

7. Jumbotron


<div class="mt-4 p-5 bg-primary text-white rounded">
  <h1>Jumbotron Example</h1>
  <p>Lorem ipsum...</p>
</div>

8. Buttons


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
</head>

<body>

    <div class="container mt-3">
        <h2>Button Styles</h2>
        <button type="button" class="btn">Basic</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-primary">Primary</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Secondary</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-success">Success</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-info">Info</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Warning</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Danger</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-dark">Dark</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-light">Light</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-link">Link</button>
    </div>

</body>

</html>

버튼의 크기 조절하기


<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">Large</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Default</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Small</button>

Cards


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>Card Image</h2>
  <p>Image at the top (card-img-top):</p>
  <div class="card" style="width:400px">
    <img class="card-img-top" src="../bootstrap4/img_avatar1.png" alt="Card image" style="width:100%">
    <div class="card-body">
      <h4 class="card-title">John Doe</h4>
      <p class="card-text">Some example text some example text. John Doe is an architect and engineer</p>
      <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
    </div>
  </div>
  <br>
  
  <p>Image at the bottom (card-img-bottom):</p>
  <div class="card" style="width:400px">
    <div class="card-body">
      <h4 class="card-title">Jane Doe</h4>
      <p class="card-text">Some example text some example text. Jane Doe is an architect and engineer</p>
      <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
    </div>
    <img class="card-img-bottom" src="../bootstrap4/img_avatar6.png" alt="Card image" style="width:100%">
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

Pagination


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>Pagination</h2>
  <p>To create a basic pagination, add the .pagination class to an ul element. Then add the .page-item to each li element and a .page-link class to each link inside li:</p>                  
  <ul class="pagination">
    <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">Previous</a></li>
    <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
    <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
    <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
    <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a></li>
  </ul>
</div>

</body>
</html>

11. List Groups


<ul class="list-group">
  <li class="list-group-item">First item</li>
  <li class="list-group-item">Second item</li>
  <li class="list-group-item">Third item</li>
</ul>

Navbars


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-dark navbar-dark">
  <div class="container-fluid">
    <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Logo</a>
    <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapsibleNavbar">
      <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
    </button>
    <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="collapsibleNavbar">
      <ul class="navbar-nav">
        <li class="nav-item">
          <a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
        </li>
        <li class="nav-item">
          <a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
        </li>
        <li class="nav-item">
          <a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
        </li>    
      </ul>
    </div>
  </div>
</nav>

<div class="container-fluid mt-3">
  <h3>Collapsible Navbar</h3>
  <p>In this example, the navigation bar is hidden on small screens and replaced by a button in the top right corner (try to re-size this window).</p>
  <p>Only when the button is clicked, the navigation bar will be displayed.</p>
  <p>Tip: You can also remove the .navbar-expand-md class to ALWAYS hide navbar links and display the toggler button.</p>
</div>

</body>
</html>

머스태취에 레이아웃에 써서 연결해서 사용하면 됨

재사용해서 쓰면 함수처럼 사용 가능함


<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="collapsibleNavbar">

자바스크립트에서 화면 줄일 때 붕괴시켜서 햄버거 모양으로 바꾸는 것

여러가지 사용해보기


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    <style>
        .card_box {
            margin-top: 10px;
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
            grid-gap: 10px;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-dark navbar-dark">
        <div class="container-fluid">
            <a class="navbar-brand" href="/">홈</a>
            <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapsibleNavbar">
                <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
            </button>
            <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="collapsibleNavbar">
                <ul class="navbar-nav">
                    <li class="nav-item">
                        <a class="nav-link" href="#">로그인</a>
                    </li>
                    <li class="nav-item">
                        <a class="nav-link" href="#">회원가입</a>
                    </li>
                    <li class="nav-item">
                        <a class="nav-link" href="#">로그아웃</a>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
    </nav>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="card_box">
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h4 class="card-title">John Doe</h4>
                    <p class="card-text">Some example text.</p>
                    <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h4 class="card-title">John Doe</h4>
                    <p class="card-text">Some example text.</p>
                    <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h4 class="card-title">John Doe</h4>
                    <p class="card-text">Some example text.</p>
                    <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h4 class="card-title">John Doe</h4>
                    <p class="card-text">Some example text.</p>
                    <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h4 class="card-title">John Doe</h4>
                    <p class="card-text">Some example text.</p>
                    <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h4 class="card-title">John Doe</h4>
                    <p class="card-text">Some example text.</p>
                    <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h4 class="card-title">John Doe</h4>
                    <p class="card-text">Some example text.</p>
                    <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="bg-light p-5 text-center">
        <h4>Created by Metacoding</h4>
        <h5>☎ : 010-2222-7777</h5>
        <button class="btn btn-outline-primary">고객센터</button>
        <button class="btn btn-outline-primary">오시는길</button>
    </div>
</body>

</html>

</html>


<ul class="pagination">
  <li class="page-item disabled"><a class="page-link" href="#">Previous</a></li>
  <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a></li>
</ul>

얘가 일라인이면 자기 크기만큼 감싸고 있어서 이동이 안됨

다시 div로 감싸서 해야함

블락이면 그 사이 아에서 이동이 가능함

ul은 블락이라 가능함

flex를 제공해줌

Flex


<div class="d-flex p-3 bg-secondary text-white">
  <div class="p-2 bg-info">Flex item 1</div>
  <div class="p-2 bg-warning">Flex item 2</div>
  <div class="p-2 bg-primary">Flex item 3</div>
</div>


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    <style>
        .card_box {
            margin-top: 10px;
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
            grid-gap: 10px;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-dark navbar-dark">
        <div class="container-fluid">
            <a class="navbar-brand" href="/">홈</a>
            <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapsibleNavbar">
                <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
            </button>
            <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="collapsibleNavbar">
                <ul class="navbar-nav">
                    <li class="nav-item">
                        <a class="nav-link" href="#">로그인</a>
                    </li>
                    <li class="nav-item">
                        <a class="nav-link" href="#">회원가입</a>
                    </li>
                    <li class="nav-item">
                        <a class="nav-link" href="#">로그아웃</a>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>

    </nav>
    <div class="container">

        <div class="d-flex justify-content-end">
            <form class="d-flex" style="width: 300px">
                <input class="form-control me-2" type="text" placeholder="Search">
                <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Search</button>
            </form>
        </div>


        <div class="card_box">
            <div class="card">
                <img src="cute.jpg" alt="">
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h4 class="card-title">John Doe</h4>
                    <p class="card-text">Some example text.</p>
                    <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h4 class="card-title">John Doe</h4>
                    <p class="card-text">Some example text.</p>
                    <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h4 class="card-title">John Doe</h4>
                    <p class="card-text">Some example text.</p>
                    <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-body">
                    <h4 class="card-title">John Doe</h4>
                    <p class="card-text">Some example text.</p>
                    <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
                </div>
            </div>
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